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Alba, Richard, John Logan, Amy Lutz, and Brian Stults. “Only English by the Third Generation? Loss and Preservation of the Mother Tongue among the Grandchildren of Contemporary Immigrants.” Demography 39, no. 3 (2002): 467–84. https://doi.org/10.2307/3088327.

 

Ciesielski, Sara. 2013. Review of What Sherpa Kids Can Teach Us about Language. Piled Higher and Deeper. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Thpc_wkYuRQ.

 

 

García, Ofelia. “New York's multilingualism: World languages and their role in a U.S. city.” In 

The Multilingual Apple: Languages in New York City, ed. Ofelia García and Joshua A. 

Fishman, 3-50. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2002. 

 

Grandchamp, Romain, Lucile Rapin, Marcela Perrone-Bertolotti, Cédric Pichat, Célise Haldin, Emilie Cousin, Jean-Philippe Lachaux, et al. “The Condialint Model: Condensation, Dialogality, and Intentionality Dimensions of Inner Speech within a Hierarchical Predictive Control Framework.” Frontiers. Frontiers, August 19, 2019. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02019/full. 

 

Haller, Hermann W. “Italian in New York.” In The Multilingual Apple: Languages in New York City, ed. Ofelia García and Joshua A. Fishman, 118-142. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 2002. 

 

‌Hartley, Lauran R. “The Role of Regional Factors in the Standardization of Spoken Tibetan.” The Tibet Journal 21, no. 4 (1996): 30–57. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43300593.

 

Hodge, Stephen. “An Introduction to Classical Tibetan”, Bangkok:Orchid Press, 2021


 

Laufer, Berthold. “Origin of Tibetan Writing.” Journal of the American Oriental Society 38 (1918): 36–39. https://doi.org/10.2307/592582.


 

Nawang Gurung, Ross Perlin, Daniel Kaufman, Mark Turin, and Sienna R. Craig. “Orality and Mobility: Documenting Himalayan Voices in New York City.” Verge: Studies in Global Asias 4, no. 2 (2018): 64–80. https://doi.org/10.5749/vergstudglobasia.4.2.0064.

 

 

Sagart, Laurent, Guillaume Jacques, Yunfan Lai, Robin J. Ryder, Valentin Thouzeau, Simon J. Greenhill, and Johann-Mattis List. 2019. “Dated Language Phylogenies Shed Light on the Ancestry of Sino-Tibetan.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 (21): 10317–22. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1817972116.

 

 Tournadre, Nicolas. “The Tibetic Languages and their classification”, Trans-Himalayan Linguistics, 2013

 

“Languages of New York City Map.” n.d. Languages of New York City Map. Accessed December 14, 2022. https://languagemap.nyc/Explore/Language/Sherpa/996.

 

“Voices of the Himalaya.” n.d. Www.youtube.com. Accessed December 14, 2022. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UDD4xXAjbM&list=PLcXFPx-z7B0qsPPqqRW9slEmAAVveqAWk.

 

Ward, Shannon. “Style and Standardization: A Case Study of Tibetan Family Interaction in 

Greater New York.” Texas Linguistics Forum 58 (2015): 152-161. 

http://salsa.ling.utexas.edu/proceedings/2015/Ward.pdf.

* Special thanks to Dr. Lauran Hartley and རྒན་Sonam Tshering་ལགས། 

Bibliography
William Gore

William Gore

ཝིལ་ཡམ་གྷོར

Tenzing Dolma

Tenzing Dolma

བསྟན་འཛིན་སྒྲོལ་མ

William is a junior in Columbia College studying Linguistics and East Asian Languages and Cultures. His primary focus is Tibetan Studies, and he is particularly interested in sociolinguistic patterns of language use in New York City within the Himalayan diaspora. He has also conducted research on definiteness marking in Maninka, a Manding language spoken in West Africa. This module has allowed him to further explore his research interests related to Tibetic languages, and he hopes that this project is the beginning of a larger-scale exploration of the sociolinguistic questions it raises.

Tenzing is a first-year Masters's student in the East Asian Languages and Cultures program. With a degree in Cognitive Neuroscience & Psychology as well as Anthropology, Tenzing's interests vary widely across multiple fields. For this module, her background as a Native Sherpa speaker and first-generation Sherpa American served as the guiding role for her work in the sociolinguistic analysis of Tibetic-languages. In addition to her background, she also enjoys building research projects and data acquisition from her work in various labs at Loyola Chicago and the University of Chicago. 

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